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The sea otter is a charismatic marine mammal in the north Pacific Ocean and one of the largest species in the weasel family. It is also the only species in that family that lives its entire life in the ocean, preferring rocky shores and kelp forests.
Sea otters are foragers that eat mostly hard-shelled invertebrates, including sea urchins and a variety of clams, mussels, and crabs. They have an interesting method of eating their prey. Sea otters dive to rocky reefs, where they collect invertebrates and also a large rock. Upon returning to the surface, they float on their backs, with the rock on the stomachs. They use the rock as a table against which they smash their shelled prey to get to the soft parts that they can eat. Sea otters are often observed behaving in this manner, individually or in small groups.
Sea otters spend all of their time in the ocean, including sleeping. Since they must sleep at the surface, they often wrap themselves in giant kelp to keep from floating away.
Sea otters are quite large, weighing up to 100 pounds (45 kg) and reaching lengths of nearly 5 feet (1.5 m). Both mating and birth take place in the water, and males have harems of several females. Mothers nurse their young for up to eight months. When the mothers dive for food, they tie their babies into kelp to ensure that they will not float away.
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πΈ: @charlotte_oceans
The coelacanth is a rare marine fish that is a living representative of an ancient lineage of formerly common fishes. This and the closely related Indonesian coelacanth have several unique physical characteristics that few or no other living species have. Coelacanths were thought to be extinct for tens of millions of years, so the discovery of this species in the 1930s and the subsequent discovery of the Indonesian coelacanth in the 1990s represent some of the most significant natural history discoveries of recent times.
Coelacanths live in deep waters off of southeastern Africa. Only once fishers started fishing deeper and deeper was this species discovered. Before that time, this entire family of fishes was only known from fossils. Coelacanths reach lengths over 6.5 feet (2 m) and are nocturnal predators. They spend daylight hours hiding in caves and other dark spaces and hunt small bony fishes, squids, and other invertebrates at night. This species is noted for its limb-like fins. The coelacanth, the Indonesian coelacanth, and the lungfishes together make up a group known as the lobe-finned fishes. Their fins are attached to short limbs rather than directly to the body like in most species. These species are the closet fish relatives to the tetrapods. In fact the lobe-finned fishes are more closely related to the tetrapods than to the other fishes. Live coelacanths have been observed using their lobed fins in a paddle-like fashion, almost as if they are walking through the water column.
The coelacanth and Indonesian coelacanth are the only two vertebrates that have a jointed skull. This adaptation apparently allows them to open their mouths wider than they would be able to otherwise, improving their predation ability. Coelacanths reproduce via internal fertilization and give birth to relatively well-developed live young. As soon as they are born, juvenile coelacanths do not receive any further parental care and are ready to begin a predatory lifestyle.
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Credit: MarkRyan
The Arctic tern is generally thought to have the largest geographical range and largest individual home ranges of any species on Earth. These birds live from pole to pole and undergo yearly migrations between the Arctic and Antarctica. Throughout their lifetimes, Arctic terns travel a greater total distance than almost any other species.
Like all terns, the Arctic tern gets most of its food from marine sources. They primarily eat small, schooling fishes and pelagic invertebrates, but they are known to take some terrestrial invertebrates and even berries near their nesting sites, when breeding. Arctic terns are divers and feed by plunging into surface waters at high speeds and chasing their prey underwater.
As in all seabirds, Arctic terns nest on land. This species nests exclusively in the Arctic but spends much of the rest of the year migrating across the globe. For each Arctic winter, they migrate to Antarctica for the southern hemisphere summer. This yearly migration means that not only does the species have a global range but each individual has a global home range. Utilization of areas so geographically distant is very rare. Arctic terns mate for life and form large breeding colonies where several pairs nest together. Each Arctic summer, these birds return to their preferred nesting areas, find their mates, and breed. During courtship and nesting, the males forage relatively close to the nest and provide the female with a steady diet of fish. After approximately a month of incubation, the egg hatches, and the parents continue to care for the young birds for about three more weeks. After that short time, the juveniles learn to feed themselves. Arctic terns are sexually mature after three or four years and live to be at least 30 years old.
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#arctictern#arcticterns#arcticocean#arctic#antarctica#oceanlife#oceanphotography#oceanconservation#oceanπ #oceanvibes#marinescience#marinelife#marineanimals#marinebiology#marineconservation#mariner#birds_nature#birdsonearth#birdsphotography#birds_adored#savethebirds#savetheocean#savetheoceans#savetheoceansπ #savetheanimals#saveourbirds#savetheseabirds#terns#tern
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π·: @yurichoufour