The spotted jelly (Mastigias papua) has two ways of harnessing energy from the environment.
During the day, they hang out in the photic zone, which starts at the surface and goes to about 328ft (100m), though the depth of the photic zone varies based on water clarity and the amount of sunlight. A type of algae living within the jellyfish’s tissue - called zooxanthellae - captures energy from the sun through photosynthesis, releasing nutrients and oxygen for the jellyfish. At night, the jellyfish sink to the bottom, absorbing nutrients from the soil through their oral arms. The jellyfish supplies the zooxanthellae with oxygen and organic waste that helps fuel photosynthesis.
This type of symbiosis between the jellyfish and the zooxanthellae is trophic mutualism, where an exchange of nutrients between two organisms is mutually beneficial.
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